State in the Midwest of the United States. It is the 38th largest by area and the 17th most populous of the 50 United States. Its capital and largest city is Indianapolis. Indiana was admitted to the United States as the nineteenth state on December 11, 1816.
Indiana now had a functioning constitution and state government. On December 11, 1816, Indiana was admitted to the United States as the nineteenth state of the union. Our editors will review what you submitted and determine if they review the article. Today, Indiana's economy is primarily based on services, manufacturing and, to a much lesser extent, agriculture.
Its northern areas are in the mainstream of the industrial belt that stretches from Pennsylvania and New York to Illinois. Agricultural activity is most intense in the central region, which is located in the Corn Belt, which stretches from Ohio to Nebraska. Although Indiana is historically part of the North, many parts of the state show a very similar character to that of the South. This is largely a reflection of the early settlement of the region by migrants from the south, who brought with them a sincere distrust of the federal government.
Many Indians pride themselves on a self-image derived in much of the 19th-century United States that values hard work, is oriented towards small towns and medium-sized cities, and is interested in maintaining the prerogatives of local self-determination. It is no coincidence that the nickname of the Indian, Hoosier, remains a symbol in the country's tradition of a kind of homemade wisdom, ingenuity and folkness that date back to what is popularly considered a less hasty and less complicated period of history. Indiana is part of the central-eastern lowlands that descend from the Appalachian Mountains to the Mississippi River. Most of the state's surface was modified by the action of glaciers, leaving a lot of excellent soil material and extensive deposits of sand, gravel, glacial tillage and loess.
The more eroded southern part of the state gives way to the central plain, an extremely fertile agricultural belt with large farms, and then to the mostly flat glacial lakes and moraines (rocky glacial debris) basin region of northern Indiana. The highest elevation is near the Ohio border, about 1,250 feet (380 meters) above sea level, while the lowest point, about 330 feet (100 meters), is in the southwest, where the Wabash River flows into the Ohio River. About 90 percent of the land is between 500 and 1000 feet (150 and 300 meters). The general pattern of slope and drainage is to the south and southwest, although an almost imperceptible swell in the northeast forms a watershed between the St.
The Wabash, the Ohio, and the East and West Forks of the White River are part of the Mississippi Basin. The Joseph River meanders into Lake Michigan, while in the east the Maumee flows northeast to Lake Erie. The northern half of the state is dotted with many small glacial lakes, including several of the largest in the state. A high percentage of wooded land is privately owned, mainly by farmers.
Among the dramatic features of the landscape are the sand dunes of the Indiana dunes along Lake Michigan, most of which have been removed from the public domain by industry and private households. This situation was somewhat resolved with the dedication in 1972 of Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore. One of the most picturesque parts of the state is the mountainous south-central region around Brown County. Indiana has four distinct seasons and a mild climate, usually escaping extremes of cold and heat.
In January, daily temperatures in Jeffersonville, on the Ohio River in the south, generally rise from 20° F (about -6° C) to 40° F (about 4° C), while in South Bend, near Lake Michigan in the north, temperatures typically range from mid-10° F (about -9° C) to 30° F (about -1° C). In July, temperatures in both the north and south typically fall in the mid-60° F (about 17° C) and rise daily to 80° F (28 to 32° C) from mid to higher. Annual rainfall varies from about 45 inches (1,150 mm) in the south-central region to about 37 inches (940 mm) in the north. Snow can fall over a six-month period and averages more than 20 inches (510 mm) per year, and cities along the northern border often report more than 100 inches (2540 mm).
The climate of northwest Indiana is greatly modified by its presence in the leeward of Lake Michigan. The cold air that passes over the warmer waters of the lake in autumn (from October to December) and winter (from January to March) induces heavy rainfall, and snowfall in winter especially is several times greater than in other parts of the state. In addition, average daily temperatures are warmer in autumn and colder in spring (from April to June) as a result of this “lake effect”. Indiana is part of a belt of Midwestern states with an unusually high frequency of severe storms.
Spring, with generally erratic and unstable weather, is the season with the highest number of tornadoes. The ambitious development program of Indiana's founders was carried out when Indiana became the fourth largest state in terms of population, as measured by the 1860 census. Slavery in Indiana was prohibited, however, this law did not apply to slaveholders who lived in Indiana before the constitution came into force. As the territory of Indiana grew in population and development, it was divided in 1805 and again in 1809 until, reduced to its current size and boundaries, it retained the name of Indiana and was admitted to the Union in 1816 as the nineteenth state.
Article XIII of the Indiana Constitution of 1851, which sought to exclude African Americans from settling in the state, was invalidated when the Supreme Court of Indiana ruled in 1866 that it violated the newly passed Thirteenth Amendment to the U. While northern Indiana was covered by glaciers, southern Indiana remained unaffected by the advancing ice, leaving plants and animals that could sustain human communities. The territory of Indiana was increased in 1816 with the addition of a strip of land that established the northern boundary between the territories of Indiana and Michigan and was reduced by ceding the territory of the upper peninsula to the territory of Michigan. The formal use of the word Indiana dates back to 1768, when a commercial company based in Philadelphia gave its land claim in the present-day state of West Virginia the name Indiana after its previous owners, the Iroquois.
Later, ownership of the claim was transferred to Indiana Land Company, the first recorded use of the word Indiana. During this time, many migrants who arrived in Indiana encountered violence against blacks and were forced to relocate due to Indiana's numerous sunset towns. The Indiana Territory was organized on May 7, 1800, from the western part of the Northwest Territory; it included all of present-day Illinois, almost all of Indiana and Wisconsin, the western part of the upper peninsula of Michigan and northeastern Minnesota. .
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